Perbandingan Risiko Usia Ibu Terhadap Kejadian Berat Badan Lahir Rendah (BBLR) : Tinjauan Literatur
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53366/jimki.v12i3.1060Keywords:
Antenatal, LBW, Maternal, Mother’s Age, YouthAbstract
Introduction: Low Birth Weight (LBW) remains a key indicator of perinatal health
and continues to be a significant concern due to its association with increased
neonatal morbidity and mortality. Differences in maternal age, particularly
adolescent and advanced maternal age groups, are believed to contribute to LBW
through distinct biological and clinical mechanisms. This review aims to compare
LBW risk across maternal age groups and to explore the underlying biological
pathways and contributing factors.
Method: Literature searches were conducted through Google Scholar, PubMed,
and ScienceDirect using keyword combinations related to LBW and maternal
age. Article selection followed inclusion criteria of publications within the last ten
years, written in English or Indonesian, and employing quantitative study designs.
Eligible studies were analyzed descriptively using a PICO framework to compare
LBW risk among different maternal age categories.
Discussion: The review indicates that adolescents face a higher likelihood of
LBW due to biological immaturity, nutritional competition between maternal and
fetal growth, and psychosocial factors that may impair pregnancy health. In
contrast, advanced maternal age is primarily associated with LBW through
increased obstetric complications, such as hypertension and impaired placental
perfusion, which restrict fetal growth. Differences in findings across studies are
influenced by variations in confounder control, suggesting that observed risks
reflect not only age itself but also accompanying health conditions.
Conclusion: Both younger and older maternal age groups contribute to LBW
through differing mechanisms. Effective prevention requires antenatal care
strategies tailored to the specific risk profiles of each age group to reduce the
likelihood of LBW.
Keywords: Antenatal, LBW, Maternal, Mother’s Age, Youth
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