Characteristics of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Patients at Dr. H. Abdul Moeloek General Hospital, Lampung Province, in 2023–2024
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53366/jimki.v12i3.1073Keywords:
histopathology, Nasopharyngeal carcinoma, patient characteristicsAbstract
Background: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a common neoplasm in Southeast Asia and is strongly associated with Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) infection. Globally, there are approximately 120,434 reported cases, with Asia contributing the largest proportion at 100,298 cases. Geographic variations in incidence highlight the influence of environmental and genetic factors in the development of this malignancy.
Method: This study employed a quantitative descriptive approach with a cross-sectional design and univariate analysis. Total sampling was used, involving 85 medical records of patients at Dr. H. Abdul Moeloek General Hospital who had histopathologically confirmed NPC between January 2023 and December 2024. Results: The findings showed that most patients were adults aged 19–59 years (84.7%), male (69.2%), and predominantly presented with non-keratinizing undifferentiated carcinoma (type IIb) (77.6%). A large proportion were diagnosed at an advanced stage, with the highest percentage in stage IVA (21.2%). Lymph node metastasis was identified in 17.6% of patients.
Discussion: The predominance of male patients may be influenced by biological factors, environmental exposures, and high-risk lifestyle behaviors. The dominance of non-keratinizing, particularly undifferentiated, histopathological types reflects patterns in endemic Asian regions and is closely associated with EBV infection. Most cases were diagnosed at advanced stages due to non-specific early symptoms.
Conclusion: NPC patients in this study were predominantly adult males, most commonly presented with non-keratinizing undifferentiated carcinoma (type IIb), and were diagnosed at advanced stages.
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