EFEK KARDIOTOKSIK OBAT KEMOTERAPI DOXORUBICIN

• Abed Nego Okthara Sebayang

  Program Studi Profesi Dokter, Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas HKBP Nommensen, Medan

Introduction: Doxorubicin is an anthracycline class antibiotic that is widely used for the
treatment of various types of cancers such as acute leukemia, breast cancer, bone and
ovarian cancer. This compound was isolated from streptomyces peucetius var caesius and
was used extensively in the treatment of cancer. But doxorubicin has a fairly dangerous
cardiotoxic effect. Myocardial dysfunction by the use of doxorubicin can occur due to the
formation of free radicals that are harmful to the heart.
Discussion: Doxorubicin is the most widely used anthracycline drug in cancer treatment.
Side effects that often arise from the use of doxorubicin are cardiotoxic. Myocardial
dysfunction caused by doxorubicin may be caused by free radicals formed, impaired
adrenergic function, formation of lipid peroxides, impaired transport of Ca in the
sarcollemma, release of TNF? and interleukin-2 and cytokines free of tumor tissue. The
mechanism of oxidative stress is the mechanism that most often results in damage to the
heart.
Conclusion: Doxorubicin is an anthracycline drug that is widely used in cancer treatment.
Doxorubicin has quite dangerous side effects, namely cardiotoxic. Cardiotoxics can cause
heart failure. For this reason, a clinical approach must be taken in using doxorubicin to
monitor the toxic effects.

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