Potensi Pemanfaatan Myeloid Leukemia 1 (MCL-1) Inhibitor Melalui Jalur Apoptosis Intrinsik pada Terapi Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer (mCRPC) : Sebuah Tinjauan Pustaka
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53366/jimki.v10i2.736Keywords:
Apoptosis, MLC-1 Inhibitor, mCRPC, PotensiAbstract
Pendahuluan: Kanker prostat merupakan penyakit yang menyerang pria dengan prevalensi tertinggi ke-2 serta penyebab kematian ke-5 dengan perkiraan mencapai 1,4 juta kasus dan mortalitas berjumlah 375.000 di seluruh dunia. Terdapat 112 dari 185 negara melaporkan kejadian kanker prostat. Di Indonesia jumlah kasus kanker prostat mencapai 13.563 jiwa. Data menunjukkan bahwa 10-20% pasien dengan metastatik kanker prostat mengembangkan metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) selama 5 tahun serta memiliki keberlangsungan hidup sekitar 14 bulan. Namun belum terdapat terapi yang efektif dalam kasus mCRPC. Dengan adanya potensi yang dimiliki oleh Myeloid Leukemia 1 (MLC-1) inhibitor yang menargetkan langsung pada jalur intrinsik apoptosis sehingga bisa menekan anti-apoptosis sel dapat dijadikan inovasi terapi pada mCRPC.
Metode: Kajian literatur yang bersumber dari Google Scholar, Pub Med, Science Direct. Tahapan pemilihan artikel yaitu identifikasi, skrining serta kesesuaian terhadap variabel inklusi dan eksklusi sehingga didapatkan 11 artikel.
Pembahasan: Pemanfaatan potensi MCL-1 sebagai terapi mCRPC tentunya membutuhkan senyawa yang akan bekerja sebagai inhibitor protein anti-apoptosis MCL-1. Senyawa-senyawa tersebut memiliki jalur inhibisi yang berbeda-beda untuk dapat menurunkan MCL-1. Berbagai penelitian in vitro dan in vivo menjelaskan mekanisme senyawa yang berpotensi menjadi MCL-1 inhibitor melalui berbagai metode untuk membuktikan bahwasannya senyawa tersebut dapat menurunkan protein anti-apoptosis MCL-1 sehingga menghasilkan efek terapeutik terhadap mCRPC.
Simpulan: Dengan demikian, MLC-1 inhibitor diharapkan dapat menjadi sebuah inovasi dalam pengobatan terapi bagi pasien mCRPC dengan hasil yang lebih baik dan memuaskan.
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