JIMKI: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Kedokteran Indonesia
JIMKI: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Kedokteran Indonesia (ISSN: 2302-6391) is a national level, free access, health journal publication platform under the auspices of the Scientific Analysis and Development Agency of the Indonesian Medical Student Senate Association (BAPIN-ISMKI). It its currently indexed in GARUDA, ROAD (UNESCO), and Google Scholar. JIMKI accepts publications of scientific papers and research results conducted by undergraduate, master and doctoral medical students. Every year, JIMKI publishes 2-3 editions. Currently, JIMKI accepts manuscripts in the form of literature reviews, case reports, refresher articles on medical science, practical instructions, and advertorials. Every work submitted to JIMKI will be edited by a major partner and will go through the editorial process in force. Research in the field of medicine basically aims to collect, analyze, and synthesize information or data that is used in medical-clinical, medical-social planning, or for the development of medical science itself. Clinical research is carried out to determine natural clinical phenomena, explain the relationship between various events, solve clinical problems, and show a certain effect. Therefore, JIMKI is here as a solution to the urgency of publishing research results in medical clusters, especially for medical students who have a duty as long-life learner
BAPIN-ISMKI (Badan Analisis Pengembangan Ilmiah Nasional - Ikatan Senat Mahasiswa Kedokteran Indonesia)
Vagus Nerve Stimulation as an Adjunctive Therapy for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: Literature Review
Introduction: Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a chronic psychiatric condition characterized by impaired emotional regulation, persistent hyperarousal, and deficits in fear extinction. Although exposure-based psychotherapy remains the first-line treatment, high failure and dropout rates persist, particularly in treatment-resistant cases. Vagus Nerve Stimulation (VNS) has emerged as a neuromodulatory approach with the potential to enhance the neurobiological mechanisms underlying fear extinction. Method: This literature review was conducted through systematic searches of Google Scholar, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Frontiers databases using keywords related to VNS, PTSD, neuromodulation, and the autonomic nervous system. English-language articles published between 2017 and 2025 were narratively reviewed.. Discussion: The reviewed literature demonstrates that both invasive and non-invasive VNS consistently enhance neural plasticity, stabilize autonomic nervous system function, and modulate key brain circuits involved in emotional regulation and fear extinction. Preclinical and clinical studies indicate that VNS paired with exposure therapy reduces core PTSD symptoms, attenuates hyperarousal, improves cognitive function, and suppresses stress-induced inflammatory responses. Conclusion: Vagus Nerve Stimulation represents a promising adjunctive therapy for PTSD, particularly in patients who are refractory to conventional treatments. This approach supports a shift toward precision, neurobiologically informed psychiatry, although further large-scale studies are required to standardize stimulation protocols and confirm long-term efficacy.
Copyright (c) 2026 Cahya Okta Putra Basreka https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Aspek Medikolegal Penggunaan Ganja Sebagai Terapi Suportif Pada Penyakit Epilepsi Menurut Hukum Kesehatan
Pendahuluan: Epilepsi merupakan gangguan neurologis dengan kejang berulang, dan sebagian pasien tidak merespons terapi konvensional. Cannabidiol (CBD) dari ganja berpotensi sebagai terapi suportif, namun penggunaannya di Indonesia terhambat regulasi hukum serta perdebatan dalam perspektif Islam. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan literature review kualitatif dengan penelusuran pada PubMed, Google Scholar, dan ScienceDirect dalam 10 tahun terakhir, menggunakan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi yang relevan. Hasil: CBD terbukti efektif menurunkan frekuensi kejang pada epilepsi resisten obat seperti sindrom Dravet dan Lennox-Gastaut. Secara hukum, ganja masih dikategorikan sebagai narkotika Golongan I sehingga dilarang untuk terapi medis. Dalam Islam, ganja pada dasarnya haram, namun dapat dibolehkan dalam kondisi darurat dengan syarat ketat seperti tidak adanya alternatif dan penggunaan terbatas. Pembahasan: Terdapat konflik antara kebutuhan terapi efektif bagi pasien dan regulasi hukum yang ketat. Secara medikolegal, diperlukan keseimbangan antara perlindungan masyarakat dari penyalahgunaan narkotika dan pemenuhan hak kesehatan. Dalam perspektif Islam, prinsip darurat (ad-daruratu tubihul mahzhurat) menjadi dasar pembolehan bersyarat, dengan tetap mempertimbangkan kemaslahatan dan pencegahan mudarat. Simpulan: Penggunaan ganja sebagai terapi suportif epilepsi memerlukan regulasi komprehensif yang mempertimbangkan aspek medis, hukum, dan etika, serta pengawasan ketat untuk menjamin keamanan dan pemenuhan hak pasien.
Copyright (c) 2026 Alya Husna Maryam, Bambang Poerwantoro, Ferryal Basbeth https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Pengaruh Penyuluhan Kesehatan Tentang Tuberculosis Terhadap Pengetahuan Siswa SMAN 104 Jakarta
Pendahuluan: Tuberkulosis (TBC) masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat di Indonesia, termasuk pada remaja. Rendahnya pengetahuan siswa dapat meningkatkan risiko penularan di lingkungan sekolah. Metode: Penelitian kuantitatif pra-eksperimen dengan desain one group pretest– posttest pada 50 siswa anggota OSIS dan PMR kelas X dan XI SMAN 104 Jakarta. Sampel dipilih dengan total sampling dan dianalisis menggunakan uji Wilcoxon. Hasil: Rata-rata skor pengetahuan dan sikap siswa meningkat dari 19,08 pada pre-test menjadi 20,04 pada post-test. Hasil uji Wilcoxon menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna secara statistik antara skor pre-test dan post-test dengan nilai p < 0,001. Sebagian besar responden mengalami peningkatan skor setelah intervensi. Pembahasan: Peningkatan skor menunjukkan bahwa penyuluhan kesehatan efektif dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan dan sikap siswa terhadap TBC. Edukasi yang diberikan secara terstruktur dan interaktif membantu siswa memahami materi dengan lebih baik, sehingga dapat mendukung upaya pencegahan penularan TBC di lingkungan sekolah. Simpulan: Penyuluhan kesehatan tentang TBC berpengaruh signifikan terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan dan sikap siswa SMAN 104 Jakarta.
Copyright (c) 2026 Wiji Budi Lestari, Ndaru Andri Damayanti, Titiek Djannatun https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Angka Kejadian TB Paru Pada Pasien Penderita Diabetes Melitus di RSPI Prof.Dr.Sulianti Saroso Pada Tahun 2024
Pendahuluan: Tuberkulosis (TB) dan Diabetes Melitus (DM) merupakan masalah kesehatan global yang saling berkaitan, di mana DM meningkatkan risiko terjadinya TB akibat gangguan sistem imun. Indonesia termasuk negara dengan beban TB tinggi, sehingga perlu dilakukan penelitian terkait kejadian TB pada pasien DM. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain kuantitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan cross-sectional menggunakan data rekam medis pasien TB Paru di RSPI Prof. Dr. Sulianti Saroso tahun 2024 (N=291). Analisis dilakukan secara univariat, bivariat (Chi-Square), dan multivariat (regresi logistik). Hasil: Angka kejadian TB-DM sebesar 27,1%. Kasus terbanyak ditemukan pada usia dewasa dan laki-laki. Terdapat hubungan signifikan antara usia dan jenis kelamin dengan kejadian TB-DM (p<0,05). Namun, pada analisis multivariat hanya usia yang menjadi faktor dominan (OR=2,260). Selain itu, usia dan status DM berhubungan dengan prognosis TB Paru. Pembahasan: DM meningkatkan risiko TB melalui gangguan imunitas akibat hiperglikemia. Usia lanjut memperburuk kerentanan terhadap TB dan prognosis penyakit. Meskipun laki-laki lebih banyak terkena, faktor usia lebih berperan dominan secara statistik. Koinfeksi TB-DM juga berkaitan dengan outcome klinis yang lebih buruk. Simpulan: Terdapat hubungan antara DM dan peningkatan kejadian TB Paru, dengan usia sebagai faktor dominan. Skrining TB pada pasien DM serta pengendalian gula darah sangat penting untuk menurunkan risiko dan memperbaiki prognosis.
Copyright (c) 2026 Nabila Zabeham Wiratno, Titiek Djannatun, Ike Irmawati Purbo Astuti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Angka Kejadian Pasien Penderita TB-Paru-HIV di RSPI Prof.Dr.Sulianti Saroso Pada Tahun 2024
Pendahuluan: Tuberkulosis (TB) dan HIV merupakan masalah kesehatan yang signifikan, mengingat infeksi HIV dapat menurunkan sistem imun dan secara drastis meningkatkan risiko koinfeksi TB. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui angka kejadian koinfeksi TB-HIV serta faktor-faktor yang berhubungan pada pasien TB di RSPI Prof. Dr. Sulianti Saroso tahun 2024. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Sampel terdiri dari 274 pasien TB yang diambil melalui teknik total sampling berdasarkan data rekam medis periode Januari–Desember 2024. Analisis data meliputi analisis univariat, bivariat menggunakan uji Chi-square, dan multivariat dengan regresi logistik biner. Hasil: Angka kejadian koinfeksi TB-HIV pada pasien TB dalam studi ini mencapai 22,6%. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa usia, jenis kelamin, riwayat kontak TB, dan jumlah CD4 memiliki hubungan dengan kejadian TB-HIV. Faktor prediktor yang paling dominan adalah jumlah CD4 dan riwayat kontak TB. Pembahasan: Kejadian koinfeksi TB-HIV sangat dipengaruhi oleh status imunologis pasien dan riwayat paparan. Jumlah CD4 yang rendah memicu kerentanan terhadap terjadinya TB aktif, sementara riwayat kontak memperbesar kemungkinan penularan. Simpulan: Angka kejadian TB-HIV di RSPI Prof. Dr. Sulianti Saroso tahun 2024 sebesar 22,6%, dengan jumlah CD4 dan riwayat kontak TB sebagai faktor paling berhubungan. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan penguatan skrining ganda dan deteksi dini untuk mendukung pengendalian koinfeksi TB-HIV
Copyright (c) 2026 Nada Valisha Hanun, Titiek Djannatun, Ike Irmawati Purbo Astuti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Outcomes of True Zero-Fluoroscopy Catheter Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation Care: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Introduction: Atrial fibrillation (AF) represents the most common arrhythmia. Current guidelines recommending catheter ablation as first-line rythm control and definitive treatment for AF which resistant or unresponsive to antiarrhythmic drugs. However, there is concerning issue of fluoroscopy radiation regarding conventional catheter ablation. Zero-fluoroscopy (ZF) emerged as novel technique to fully eliminated fluoroscopy with uncertainity of efficacy and safety. Previous review was insufficient, as they grouped fluoroless ablation under the ZF category. Method: Scopus, Pubmed, ScienceDirect, and CENTRAL were used to identify relevant studies prior to December 21, 2024. Studies directly comparing TZF vs NZF were included. Quality assessment was carried out using the RoB 2.0 and ROBINS-I tool. Meta-analysis was conducted using R-Studio. Discussion: There were one randomized controlled trial (RCT) and seven non-randomized cohorts (1.171 patients) included. The success of pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) with TZF and NZF was comparable, with follow-up visits showing equivalent AF recurrence rates at 6 months (RR = 1.00; 95% CI = 0.90 - 1.11; p = 0.99) and 12 months (RR = 0.57; 95% CI = 0.13 – 2.57; p = 0.47). ZF showed a significantly shorter procedural time duration (MD = -8.94; 95% CI = -13.56 – (-4.32); p < 0.01). Safety evaluation of ZF demonstrated comparable results for cardiac tamponade (RR = 1.77; 95% CI = 0.37 – 8.37; p = 0.47) and other adverse events risk. Conclusion: TZF technique in catheter ablation for AF is a revolutionary, effective, and safe innovation. TZF should be considered the standard approach in AF catheter ablation.
Copyright (c) 2026 Nathania Ella Sudiono, Christopher Daniel Tristan, Muhammad Farid Hamka, Erlangga Masykur Kynaya, Awalil Rifqi Kurnia Rahman, Irnizarifka https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Intracranial Hemorrhagic Complications in a Child with Tetralogy of Fallot: A Case Report
Background: Tetralogy of Fallot?(ToF) is one of the cyanotic congenital heart diseases, accounting for roughly?7%–10% of all congenital heart?disease cases, with an equal male?to?female ratio and an incidence of 3?–?5 per?10?000 live births. Intracranial hemorrhagic complications in ToF are rare but can be life?threatening if not managed promptly. This report aims to offer practical recommendations for handling deteriorating ToF cases that lead to intracranial bleeding. Case Illustration: A six?year?old child presented with a four?hour history of reduced consciousness prior to hospital admission. Additional complaints included fever, cough, rhinitis, projectile vomiting, and seizures. Physical examination showed normal consciousness at admission, fever, and dyspnea. Imaging and ancillary tests revealed subdural and subarachnoid hemorrhages accompanied by elevated intracranial pressure. The patient had a known diagnosis of ToF and attended regular follow?ups. Management focused on lowering intracranial pressure and treating the infection. On subsequent follow?up visits, the symptoms subsided and the patient’s clinical condition gradually improved. Discussion: Congenital heart disease can promote intracardiac thrombus formation, giving rise to emboli in the peripheral circulation. Secondary erythrocytosis increases blood viscosity, while chronic hypoxemia activates neutrophils and mononuclear cells, leading to endothelial injury. Platelet–endothelial interactions further enhance intravascular thrombogenesis, collectively predisposing ToF patients to cerebrovascular events. Conclusion: Tetralogy of Fallot can cause mortality primarily through hypoxia, cerebrovascular complications, and brain abscesses. Cerebrovascular complications, including intracranial hemorrhage, arise through multifactorial mechanisms
Copyright (c) 2026 Mochammad Haikal Alhamdi, dr. Naufal Dzulhijar, dr. Agus Fitrianto, Sp.A (K) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
The Effectiveness of Spiritual Counseling in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients: A Systematic Review
Introduction: Chronic kidney disease is a progressive condition that requires long-term renal replacement therapy, particularly hemodialysis. This treatment often negatively affects patients’ sleep quality and psychological conditions, such as anxiety and depression. Conventional medical approaches primarily focus on physical management and may not adequately address patients’ holistic needs. Therefore, spiritual counseling has emerged as a complementary intervention to improve psychological well-being. This literature review aims to evaluate the effectiveness of spiritual counseling on sleep quality, anxiety, and depression among patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis. Method: This study was conducted as a systematic review following the PRISMA guidelines. Literature searches were performed using Google Scholar, PubMed, and Europe PMC with relevant keywords. Inclusion criteria comprised randomized controlled trials published within the last ten years, involving adult patients undergoing hemodialysis, and assessing outcomes related to sleep quality and psychological conditions. Discussion: A total of six studies met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed descriptively. All reviewed studies reported significant improvements in sleep quality and significant reductions in anxiety and depression levels in groups receiving spiritual counseling compared to control groups. Spiritual interventions were shown to help patients manage stress, enhance inner peace, and improve psychological responses to chronic illness. Conclusion: Spiritual counseling is effective as a complementary therapy in improving sleep quality and psychological well-being among patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis. This holistic approach should be considered in clinical healthcare practice.
Copyright (c) 2026 Tjokorda Prawira Putra Pemayun, Made Kurnia Widiastuti Giri, Ni Made Mirah Candrawati, Pande Bagus Andhika Maharthanegara, Ni Kadek Indah Melati, I Komang Nirartha Nusaryanda https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
The Effectiveness of Yoga in Lowering Blood Pressure in Patients with Hypertension: A Literature Review from the Perspective of Tri Hita Karana
Introduction: High blood pressure or hypertension is an increasingly prevalent public health issue in Indonesia, which can be attributed to changes in modern lifestyles and stress. Yoga, as a non-pharmacological approach, promises integrated hypertension management with the concept of Tri Hita Karana, which focuses on harmony between humans, nature, and spirituality. This study aims to examine the effectiveness of yoga in controlling blood pressure in hypertensive patients, from the perspective of Tri Hita Karana. Method: This study uses a qualitative literature review. Literature searches were conducted in the Google Scholar and PubMed databases using keywords related to yoga, hypertension, and holistic perspectives, limited to publications from 2016-2026. A total of 12 selected studies (consisting of RCTs and meta-analyses) were thematically analyzed to identify themes of patient experience meaning and the process of harmonization. Discussion: The main finding of this study reveals the effectiveness of yoga in lowering blood pressure through the autonomic relaxation response. The holistic approach that combines yoga asanas, pranayama, and meditation shows greater efficacy compared to the partial approach. The Tri Hita Karana approach adds depth to the understanding of yoga's effectiveness not only at the physiological level but also at the spiritual and social levels. Conclusion: This study validates the fact that yoga has the potential to serve as a relevant holistic intervention in the management of hypertension in Indonesia, from the perspective of Tri Hita Karana. Keywords: hypertension, yoga, literature review, Tri Hita Karana, holistic health
Made Kurnia Widiastuti Giri Made Kurnia Widiastuti Giri
Jeremy Daud Bintang Kriswinahyu Priono Jeremy Daud Bintang Kriswinahyu Priono
Ida Bagus Yoga Mahadi Putra Ida Bagus Yoga Mahadi Putra
I Gede Lanang Daneswara Parama I Gede Lanang Daneswara Parama
Kadek Dwi Danda Suwardinatha Kadek Dwi Danda Suwardinatha
Copyright (c) 2026 Gede Pradnyana Putra, Made Kurnia Widiastuti Giri Made Kurnia Widiastuti Giri, Jeremy Daud Bintang Kriswinahyu Priono Jeremy Daud Bintang Kriswinahyu Priono, Ida Bagus Yoga Mahadi Putra Ida Bagus Yoga Mahadi Putra, I Gede Lanang Daneswara Parama I Gede Lanang Daneswara Parama, Kadek Dwi Danda Suwardinatha Kadek Dwi Danda Suwardinatha https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Effectiveness of the TAK-003 Dengue Vaccine in Preventing Dengue Infection in Children: A Systematic Review
BACKGROUND: Dengue fever remains an important global health issue, particularly among children. Developing an effective and safe vaccination against all four dengue virus serotypes is still a challenge. TAK-003 is a tetravalent vaccination candidate based on a live attenuated DENV-2 virus with great efficacy and a favorable safety profile. METHOD: This systematic review was conducted using the PRISMA 2020 guidelines and a literature search of the PubMed, Scopus, and Wiley databases until October 15, 2025. Clinical trials and observational studies evaluating TAK-003's efficacy and safety in children were among the inclusion criteria. The risk of bias was assessed using ROB 2.0 and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. RESULTS: Out of 132 publications evaluated, four unique studies (2 RCTs, 1 single-arm study, and 1 case-control trial) fulfilled the inclusion criteria. A phase III clinical trial (NCT02747927) of 20,099 children aged 4 to 16 years found an overall vaccination effectiveness of 73.3% against symptomatic dengue, with the strongest protection against DENV-2 (95.1%) and DENV-1 (69.8%). Follow-up results for up to 4.5 years after vaccination showed continuous long-term efficacy, including protection in people seronegative for DENV-1 and DENV-2. CONCLUSION: TAK-003 has been found to be safe, immunogenic, and effective in avoiding symptomatic and severe dengue in children and adolescents living in both endemic and non-endemic countries. This vaccine has tremendous potential as a global dengue preventive strategy, while protection against DENV-3 and DENV-4 need further improvement.
Copyright (c) 2026 Hisyam Hartaman, Mishbakhul Luthfi, Rahmat Hidayat Nur Ilhami, Sri Wahyuni Evi Nafisyah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Efek Ekstrak Daun Teh Hijau Terhadap Proliferasi Dan Siklus Pada Sel Kanker HSC-3
Pendahuluan: Karsinoma sel skuamosa rongga mulut, termasuk kanker lidah, masih memiliki luaran klinis yang kurang baik dan terapi konvensional dapat menimbulkan efek samping. Teh hijau (Camellia sinensis) mengandung polifenol (terutama EGCG) yang berpotensi sebagai agen antikanker. Penelitian ini menilai efek ekstrak daun teh hijau terhadap proliferasi dan siklus sel Metode: Penelitian eksperimental in vitro menggunakan sel HSC-3. Kelompok proliferasi: DMEM (kontrol), cisplatin 15 µM (kontrol positif), dan ekstrak teh hijau 160, 320, 640, 960 µg/mL; pengukuran dengan MTT assay. Siklus sel dianalisis menggunakan flow cytometry (PI) pada cisplatin, DMEM, dan ekstrak 40, 80, 100, 160 µg/mL. Analisis statistik menggunakan One-Way ANOVA dan uji lanjut Tukey (p<0,05). Hasil: Rata-rata proliferasi DMEM 31.432 dan cisplatin 24.604. Ekstrak teh hijau menunjukkan perubahan proliferasi: 160 µg/mL 37.384; 320 µg/mL 30.346; 640 µg/mL 6.124; 960 µg/mL 608. ANOVA proliferasi signifikan (F=501,241; p=0,000). Distribusi siklus sel menunjukkan proporsi G0/G1 meningkat pada 160 µg/mL (58,5%) dibanding 40 µg/mL (31,8%), namun ANOVA siklus sel tidak signifikan (F=1,624; p=0,228). Pembahasan: Ekstrak teh hijau bersifat dose-dependent dalam menekan proliferasi sel HSC-3, dengan efek paling kuat pada 640–960 µg/mL. Perubahan pola siklus sel cenderung mengarah ke peningkatan G0/G1, tetapi belum bermakna secara statistik. Simpulan: Ekstrak daun teh hijau menurunkan proliferasi sel HSC-3 secara signifikan, namun tidak menunjukkan perbedaan signifikan pada distribusi siklus sel. Kata kunci: Camellia sinensis, teh hijau, HSC-3, proliferasi, siklus sel
Copyright (c) 2026 Daris Agil Widjaya, Much Restu Syamsul Hadi, Etty Widayanti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Pasien Hemoroid Di RS TK II Moh Ridwan Meuraksa Periode Januari 2024 - Desember 2024
Pendahuluan: Hemoroid merupakan salah satu penyakit anorektal yang sering dijumpai dan dapat menurunkan kualitas hidup penderitanya. Berbagai faktor diduga berperan dalam terjadinya hemoroid, seperti usia, jenis kelamin, indeks massa tubuh, pekerjaan, dan tipe hemoroid. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi pasien penderita hemoroid di RS TK II Moh Ridwan Meuraksa periode Januari 2024 - Desember 2024. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain deskriptif retrospektif. Data diperoleh dari rekam medis pasien hemoroid di RS TK II Moh Ridwan Meuraksa periode Januari 2024 - Desember 2024. Variabel yang diteliti meliputi usia, jenis kelamin, indeks massa tubuh, pekerjaan, dan tipe hemoroid. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pasien hemoroid paling banyak berada pada kelompok usia dewasa dan lanjut usia. Sebagian besar pasien berjenis kelamin laki-laki. Berdasarkan indeks massa tubuh, pasien dengan status overweight dan obesitas ditemukan lebih dominan. Pekerjaan dengan aktivitas duduk atau berdiri dalam waktu lama merupakan kelompok terbanyak, dan tipe hemoroid yang paling sering ditemukan adalah hemoroid interna. Pembahasan: Temuan penelitian ini sejalan dengan teori dan penelitian sebelumnya yang menyatakan bahwa faktor demografis dan gaya hidup berperan penting dalam kejadian hemoroid. Aktivitas fisik yang tidak seimbang serta peningkatan tekanan intraabdomen berkontribusi terhadap pembesaran pleksus hemoroidalis. Simpulan: Faktor usia, jenis kelamin, indeks massa tubuh, pekerjaan, dan tipe hemoroid berperan dalam karakteristik pasien hemoroid.
Copyright (c) 2026 Rahmania Dinda Rafiansyah, Edward Syam , Kamal Anas https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Hubungan Antara Status Gizi Dengan Kejadian Bronokopneumonia Pada Anak di RSPAD Gatot Soebroto Tahun 2024
Pendahuluan: Bronkopneumonia tetap menjadi salah satu penyebab utama morbiditas pada anak di seluruh dunia. Status gizi merupakan faktor fundamental yang menentukan kekuatan sistem imun dalam melawan infeksi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara status gizi dengan kejadian bronkopneumonia pada pasien anak di RSPAD Gatot Soebroto tahun 2024. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi analitik observasional dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Populasi penelitian adalah anak yang menjalani rawat inap di RSPAD Gatot Soebroto selama periode tahun 2024. Data status gizi dikumpulkan melalui pengukuran antropometri langsung, sementara data diagnosis bronkopneumonia diperoleh melalui tinjauan rekam medis. Analisis data dilakukan secara bivariat menggunakan uji Chi-Square. Hasil: Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa prevalensi bronkopneumonia secara signifikan lebih tinggi pada anak dengan kategori status gizi kurang dan gizi buruk dibandingkan dengan anak yang memiliki gizi baik. Hasil uji statistik memperoleh nilai <span class="math-inline" data-math="p < 0,05" data-index-in-node="248">p < 0,05, yang menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang signifikan secara statistik antara status gizi dengan kejadian bronkopneumonia. Pembahasan: Ketidakcukupan nutrisi menyebabkan penurunan respon imun seluler maupun humoral, sehingga mempermudah patogen menginfeksi saluran pernapasan bawah. Anak dengan status gizi rendah tidak hanya memiliki risiko infeksi yang lebih tinggi, tetapi juga cenderung mengalami durasi sakit yang lebih lama dan proses penyembuhan yang lebih lambat dibandingkan anak dengan nutrisi optimal. Simpulan: Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara status gizi dengan kejadian bronkopneumonia pada anak di RSPAD Gatot Soebroto tahun 2024. Perbaikan status gizi pada anak sangat krusial sebagai langkah preventif dalam menekan angka kejadian infeksi saluran pernapasan akut.
Copyright (c) 2026 Azzahra Febriyani Harjono, Sri Wahyu Herlinawati, Aryenti, Andri Gunawan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
The Relationship Between Physical Workload and Nutritional Status Among Coffee Pickers in Tanggamus Regency
Background: Tanggamus Regency is one of the largest robusta coffee-producing regions in Lampung Province, Indonesia. Coffee harvesting requires intensive physical activity performed for long durations in outdoor environments. High physical workload without adequate nutritional intake may influence workers’ nutritional status. This study aimed to determine the relationship between physical workload and nutritional status among coffee pickers in Tanggamus Regency. Method: This study employed an observational analytic design with a cross-sectional approach conducted from June to November 2025 in Pulau Panggung District, Tanggamus Regency. A total of 50 coffee pickers were selected using purposive sampling. Physical workload was assessed using the short version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), while nutritional status was evaluated using Body Mass Index (BMI). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and bivariate analysis with Chi-square and Fisher’s Exact tests. Results: The majority of respondents had high physical workload (40 respondents; 80%) and normal nutritional status (35 respondents; 70%). Bivariate analysis showed no statistically significant association between physical workload and nutritional status among coffee pickers (p>0.05). Discussion: The absence of a significant association may be influenced by several factors such as dietary patterns, energy balance, and lifestyle factors. Furthermore, the phenomenon of the occupational physical activity paradox suggests that physical activity performed in occupational settings does not always correlate directly with lower body mass index. Conclusion: There was no significant relationship between physical workload and nutritional status among coffee pickers in Tanggamus Regency.
Copyright (c) 2026 Anisa Nuraisa Jausal, Nur Ayu Virginia Irawati, Anggi Setiorini, Giska Tri Putri, Resti Ramdani, Muhammad Al Ikhsan, Tegar Laksmono Rosulli, Muhammad Adib Hakim Dzakwan Syah, Ariadna Allexandrina Maureen Sarasvaty https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Comparison Of Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) In Patients With Viral And Nonviral Hepatitis At Rsud Undata, Central Sulawesi 2020-2024
Abstract (English) Introduction: Hepatitis is a global health challenge caused by viral and non-infectious factors. Indonesia ranks third worldwide with 18.9 million cases, while Palu City records the highest prevalence of HBsAg-reactive pregnant women. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is an important inflammatory marker to assess hepatitis severity. This study aimed to analyze differences in NLR values between viral and nonviral hepatitis. Methods: An observational analytic study with a cross-sectional design was conducted using secondary medical record data of viral and nonviral hepatitis patients at RSUD Undata Central Sulawesi from 2020–2024. A total of 73 patients were included through total sampling. Data were analyzed using the Mann–Whitney test with p<0.05 considered significant. Results: The median NLR in viral hepatitis patients was 3.3, while in nonviral hepatitis it was 6.7. The Mann–Whitney test revealed a significant difference between the two groups (p<0.001). Higher NLR in nonviral hepatitis indicates a stronger inflammatory response. Discussion: These findings highlight that NLR reflects distinct inflammatory mechanisms between viral and nonviral hepatitis. Elevated NLR in nonviral hepatitis supports its role as an additional clinical indicator. Conclusion: There is a significant difference in NLR values between viral and nonviral hepatitis. NLR may serve as an additional parameter to evaluate inflammation and disease severity in hepatitis. Keywords: Nonviral Hepatitis, Viral Hepatitis, Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio
Copyright (c) 2026 Lania Putri, B.M. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN NUTRITIONAL KNOWLEDGE, PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, AND SCREEN TIME ON NUTRITIONAL STATUS IN ADOLESCENTS AT SMAN 5 PALU
Latar Belakang : Nutrisi mencakup komponen penting dalam makanan dan minuman. Status gizi dapat diukur melalui pengukuran berat badan dan tinggi badan. Remaja di Kota Palu umumnya mengonsumsi makanan yang tinggi energi dan lemak dibandingkan dengan makanan bergizi. Faktor pengetahuan gizi, aktivitas fisik, dan waktu penggunaan layar mempengaruhi status gizi remaja. Metode : Penelitian ini menggunakan metode observasional analitik kuantitatif dengan desain cross-sectional. Data primer diperoleh melalui kuesioner dan pengukuran indeks massa tubuh (berat badan dan tinggi badan). Sampel sebanyak 87 responden dipilih dengan metode random sampling. Analisis data dilakukan secara univariat dan bivariat menggunakan Uji Rho Spearman. Hasil : Mayoritas responden memiliki pengetahuan gizi yang cukup (47,1%), aktivitas fisik ringan (62,1%), dan waktu penggunaan layar tinggi (88,5%). Status gizi responden yang kekurangan berat badan dan normal berjumlah (40,2%). Uji Spearman Rho menunjukkan tidak ada hubungan signifikan antara pengetahuan gizi (p=0,586; r=0,059), aktivitas fisik (p=0,857; r=0,020), dan waktu penggunaan layar (p=0,681; r=0,045) dengan status gizi remaja. Diskusi : Tidak ada hubungan signifikan antara pengetahuan gizi, aktivitas fisik, dan waktu penggunaan layar. Faktor emosional, teman sebaya, faktor ekonomi, perilaku sedentari pasca ujian, dan media sosial menghambat implementasi dan tidak berpengaruh. Kesimpulan : Tidak ada hubungan signifikan antara pengetahuan gizi, aktivitas fisik, dan waktu penggunaan layar dengan status gizi. Kata kunci: Status Gizi, Pengetahuan Gizi, Aktivitas Fisik, Waktu Layar
Copyright (c) 2026 Faculty of Medicine Tadulako University https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
KORELASI TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN TENTANG Ca Mammae TERHADAP PERILAKU SADARI PADA MAHASISWI FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN UNIVERSITAS TADULAKO
Pendahuluan: Kanker payudara (Ca Mammae) adalah masalah kesehatan globalpenyebab utama kematian pada perempuan. Deteksi dini melalui SADARI efektif menurunkan mortalitas, namun cakupannya di Indonesia masih rendah. Selaku calon tenaga kesehatan, pengetahuan dan perilaku mahasiswi kedokteran penting untuk diteliti. Metode: Penelitian kuantitatif Quasi Experimental dengan desain Posttest only controlgroup melibatkan 177 mahasiswi angkatan 2022-2024 yang dipilih melalui stratifiedrandom sampling. Partisipan merupakan mahasiswi aktif berusia 18-23 tahun, dengan pengecualian bagi yang tidak hadir saat penelitian, memiliki riwayat keluarga kanker atau tumor payudara. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner terstruktur daring dan dianalisis menggunakan uji Spearman's rho. Hasil: Hasil menunjukkan mayoritas responden berpengetahuan baik tentang Ca Mammae (71,8%), tetapi perilaku SADARI dominan dalam kategori cukup (53,1%). Analisis bivariat mengungkap korelasi positif signifikan antara pengetahuan dan perilaku SADARI (r=0,285; p<0,001), meskipun kekuatan hubungan tergolong lemah. Terdapat kesenjangan (gap) antara tingkat pengetahuan tinggi dan perilaku SADARI yang belum optimal, serta variasi berdasarkan angkatan dan riwayat sosialisasi. Pembahasan: Secara teoritis, temuan ini dapat dipahami melalui teori domain kognitif, hasil penelitian pada mahasiswi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Tadulakomenunjukkan sebagian besar responden berada pada tingkatan remember dan understand, belum sepenuhnya mencapai tingkat apply yang diperlukan untuk mengubah pengetahuan menjadi perilaku nyata. Simpulan: Terdapat korelasi positif yang signifikan namun lemah antara pengetahuan tentang Ca Mammae dan perilaku SADARI. Tingginya pengetahuan belum sepenuhnya diimplementasikan menjadi perilaku, menunjukkan adanya kesenjangan (gap) yang dipengaruhi faktor di luar pengetahuan seperti kesadaran diri. Perlunya strategi edukasi pelatihan praktik langsung untuk meningkatkan perilaku deteksi dini.
Copyright (c) 2026 Miranda, Intania Riska PUtrie https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Ileus Ascariasis: An Integrative Perspective on Clinical, Diagnostic, and Management Strategies
Background: Ileus ascariasis is a severe complication of Ascaris lumbricoides infection, predominantly affecting children in endemic regions with poor sanitation. Despite global control programs, it continues to cause significant morbidity and mortality, yet fragmented evidence limits comprehensive understanding. This review was conducted to integrate clinical, diagnostic, management, and preventive perspectives. Methods: A structured literature search was performed across PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, and additional sources using boolean operators. Eligible publications included case reports, original studies, reviews, clinical guidelines, and public health reports in English and Indonesian. Evidence was synthesized narratively and thematically by an academic team under faculty supervision. Discussion: The review highlights that ileus ascariasis typically manifests as small bowel obstruction caused by worm boluses, sometimes complicated by volvulus, intussusception, or perforation. Diagnostic modalities such as ultrasonography and CT scans are useful but limited in accessibility within resource-constrained settings. Management ranges from conservative approaches, including decompression, and antibiotics, to surgical intervention when obstruction persists or complications occur. Preventive strategies such as mass drug administration, sanitation improvement, and health education show potential but are challenged by reinfection, low awareness, and uneven implementation. Knowledge gaps remain regarding optimal diagnostic pathways, comparative effectiveness of conservative and operative strategies, also integration of prevention with community-based programs. Conclusion: Ileus ascariasis is both a clinical emergency and a persistent public health concern. Strengthening early detection, optimizing treatment protocols, and linking preventive measures with sustainable community interventions are crucial to reducing its impact on vulnerable populations.
Copyright (c) 2025 I Nyoman Dwi Suputra Diarsa https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Efektivitas Metode Focus Group Discussion (FGD) dalam Meningkatkan Pengetahuan Santri tentang Pencegahan Tinea versicolor
Pendahuluan:Tinea versicolor (panu) memiliki prevalensi tinggi di pondok pesantren (51,6%-71,1%), yang erat kaitannya dengan higenitas perorangan dan rendahnya pengetahuan. Dibutuhkan metode promosi kesehatan yang efektif. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis efektivitas metode Focus Group Discussion (FGD) dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan santri tentang pencegahan tinea versicolor. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain quasi experimental (satu kelompok pre-test post-test). Sampel adalah 26 santri jenjang SMA di Pondok Pesantren X, Bandar Lampung, yang dipilih berdasarkan kriteria inklusi. Instrumen kuesioner teruji validitas (Pearson 0,382-0,767) dan reliabilitasnya (Cronbach's Alpha 0,817). Data dianalisis univariat dan bivariat menggunakan Uji Wilcoxon. Hasil: Terdapat peningkatan pengetahuan yang signifikan. Sebelum intervensi, 80% (n=21) santri memiliki pengetahuan 'Cukup Baik'. Setelah intervensi FGD, 100% (n=26) santri mencapai kategori pengetahuan 'Baik'. Hasil Uji Wilcoxon menunjukkan perbedaan yang sangat signifikan secara statistik (p < 0,001). Pembahasan: Efektivitas ini menunjukkan FGD adalah metode yang tepat untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan santri terkait Tinea versicolor . Sifat interaktif dan partisipatif dari metode ini memungkinkan peserta untuk bertukar pengalaman dan menganalisis informasi secara kritis, yang berkontribusi pada pemahaman yang lebih komprehensif. Simpulan: Metode Focus group discussion (FGD) secara signifikan efektif dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan santri tentang pencegahan tinea versicolor.
Copyright (c) 2026 Mutiara Vira Antonia https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Yoga as a Complementary Therapy in the Management of ADHD: A Literature Review
Introduction: Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is the most common neurodevelopmental disorder in children, characterized by symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity and impulsive behaviour. Pharmacological therapy is often used as the primary intervention for ADHD, but it has limitations, particularly regarding side effects. Therefore, complementary approaches such as yoga are increasingly attracting research interest. This study aims to critically evaluate the effectiveness of yoga as a complementary therapy in the management of ADHD in children. Method: This study is a literature review. Article searches were conducted in the PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect databases using the keywords “Yoga” AND “ADHD” OR “Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder” AND “Children” within year 2015–2025. Included articles were experimental studies involving participants aged 3–17 years who exhibited symptoms or had a diagnosis of ADHD. A total of nine articles met the inclusion criteria. Discussion: Yoga was found to have positive effects in reducing ADHD symptoms, such as improved attention, better emotional regulation, and reduced hyperactivity. Additionally, yoga is generally well-tolerated by children due to its minimal side effects. Conclusion: Yoga shows potential as a safe and effective complementary therapy for managing ADHD in children. However, its effectiveness may be influenced by various factors. Further research with stronger study designs and larger populations is needed to support these findings. Keywords: Yoga, ADHD, children, complementary therapy
Copyright (c) 2026 Ni Putu Nirmala Evelyn, Ni Nyoman Mestri Agustini, Ni Putu Kaori Prajaniti, Putu Rania Apta Savitri, Kadek Wanda Pratiwi Adibrata https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
The Relationship Between Age and Histopathological Patterns of Endometrial Hyperplasia at Dr. H. Abdul Moeloek Regional Hospital, Lampung Province, 2021–2024
Background: Endometrial hyperplasia is a proliferative condition with potential to develop into precancerous lesions. Hormonal imbalance, particularly estrogen dominance without progesterone opposition, is considered a key factor in its development. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between age and histopathological patterns of endometrial hyperplasia at Dr. H. Abdul Moeloek Regional Hospital, Lampung Province. Method: An analytical observational study with a cross-sectional design was conducted using medical records of patients with endometrial hyperplasia from 2021 to 2024. Total sampling was used to include all eligible cases. Fisher’s exact test was applied to examine the association between age and histopathological type. Results: Of the 31 included samples, most patients were aged ?45 years, with non-atypical hyperplasia being the most common. Analysis showed a significant association between age and histopathological type, with a higher prevalence of atypical hyperplasia observed in older patients. Discussion: Age plays a significant role in the histopathological patterns of endometrial hyperplasia. Hormonal changes during perimenopause and postmenopause contribute to an increased risk of atypical lesions with advancing age. Conclusion There is a significant association between age and the histopathological patterns of endometrial hyperplasia, with older age groups showing a higher proportion of atypical hyperplasia.
Copyright (c) 2026 Salsa Nurfajri Yuska, Nur Ayu Virginia Irawati, Nurul Islamy, Indri Windarti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Peran Ritual Melukat dalam Meningkatkan Kesejahteraan Mental dan Keseimbangan Psikologis: Literature Review
Pendahuluan: Kesehatan mental menjadi permasalahan global yang semakin mendesak, adanya peningkatan kasus depresi, kecemasan, dan bunuh diri di Indonesia dan dunia. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengeksplorasi peran ritual melukat, sebagai tradisi penyucian diri dalam budaya Hindu Bali, dengan tujuan meningkatkan kesejahteraan mental dan keseimbangan psikologis. Mengingat pendekatan secara spiritual semakin relevan sebagai pengobatan konvensional. Tujuan penelitian adalah meninjau literatur terkait potensi terapeutik melukat dari segi kesejahteraan mental. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan systematic review dengan pencarian artikel secara online dengan kata kunci “melukat”, “kesejahteraan mental”, dan “keseimbangan psikologis”. Artikel yang dipilih diterbitkan pada tahun 2022-2025, dalam bahasa Indonesia maupun Inggris yang relevan dengan topik ini. Pembahasan: Tinjauan yang dilakukan menggunakan 9 literatur menjelaskan bahwa ritual melukat berperan penting sebagai mekanisme coping emosional yang efektif, melalui pembersihan secara spiritual yang memberikan hasil relaksasi, ketenangan batin, mengurangi stress, dan harmoni holistik antara tubuh, pikiran, roh, serta lingkungan sosial-ekologis. Ritual melukat melengkapi model biomedis dengan elemen budaya dan spiritual, terutama dalam pencegahan gangguan mental dan ketidakseimbangan psikologis. Simpulan: Ritual melukat sebagai intervensi non-farmakologis berfungsi meningkatkan kesejahteraan mental dan keseimbangan psikologis, dengan rekomendasi integrasi berkelanjutan dalam wellness tourism Bali bersamaan dengan menjaga autentisitas budaya.
Copyright (c) 2026 I Gede Lanang Daneswara Parama, Ni Luh Putu Pranena Sastri, Ida Bagus Yoga Mahadi Putra, Gede Pradnyana Putra, Jeremy Daud Bintang Kriswinahyu Priyono, I Kadek Dwi Danda Suwardinatha https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Effects of Yoga Interventions on Sleep Quality Among Adult Women with Sleep Problems: A Systematic Review
Introduction: Sleep problems are common health complaints and occur more frequently in adult women than in men. These disturbances are influenced by biological and psychosocial factors and negatively affect quality of life and overall health. Yoga has emerged as a non-pharmacological approach for managing sleep problems. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of yoga in improving sleep quality and reducing insomnia in severity among adult women. Method: This study was conducted as a systematic literature review following PRISMA guidelines. Literature searches were performed in PubMed, Cochrane Library, and ScienceDirect. Included studies consisted of controlled clinical trials to assessing yoga interventions in adult women with sleep problems. Data were extracted and synthesized narratively. Discussion: The reviewed studies generally reported improvements in subjective sleep quality following yoga interventions particularly among women with poor baseline sleep quality. In contrast findings related to objective sleep parameters were inconsistent. Differences in yoga styles, intervention, duration, and study populations contributed to variability in outcomes. Conclusion: Yoga may serve as a safe and feasible non-pharmacological intervention to improve subjective sleep quality in adult women. Further high-quality studies with standardized protocols and objective sleep assessments are required to strengthen the evidence.
Copyright (c) 2021 I Gede Yogi Lingga Pradipa; Nyoman Intan Permatahati Wiguna; I Made Bagus Krishna Wiguna, Riska Ramadona. H, Sarah Angie Sihotang, I Putu Esa Ika Putra Juni Artana https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
The Effectiveness of Chanting Mantras Yoga on Cognitive Function in Adults: A Literature Review
Introduction: Chanting mantras is a form of meditation in yoga that is known to affect brain wave activity and support cognitive function. In adults, the demands of life and prolonged stress often lead to a decrease in memory, attention, and focus. Although yoga in general has been proven to be beneficial for health, the effectiveness of chanting mantras specifically on cognitive function has not been comprehensively reviewed. Method: This literature review was compiled based on PRISMA guidelines. Articles were searched for using Google Scholar, PubMed, and ScienceDirect with keywords related to chanting mantras and cognitive function in adults, between 2020 to 2025. Selection was based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Discussion: The results of the study show that chanting mantras, especially OM chanting, provides significant improvements in cognitive domains such as verbal and spatial memory, attention, information processing speed, and anxiety regulation. Short- to medium-term interventions, ranging from twenty minutes per session to twelve weeks of practice, consistently show improvements in cognitive function compared to the control group. Conclusion: Chanting yoga mantras has been shown to have potential as an effective non-pharmacological intervention for improving cognitive function in adults. This practice is simple, easy to implement, and safe, making it a viable option for supporting mental health and cognitive performance. Further research with stronger methodologies is needed to confirm the long-term sustainability of its benefits.
Copyright (c) 2026 Putu Rania Apta Savitri, Made Bayu Permasutha, Ni Putu Nirmala Evelyn, Ni Putu Kaori Prajaniti, Kadek Wanda Pratiwi Adibrata https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Current Updates of Connection Between Food Allergies and Atopic Dermatitis : a Literature Review
Introduction: The relationship between food allergy (FA) and atopic dermatitis (AD) involves a complex, bidirectional interplay often associated with the "atopic march." This review aims to analyze the pathological mechanisms connecting these conditions, evaluate diagnostic accuracy, and determine appropriate management and prevention strategies. Method: A comprehensive literature review was conducted using electronic databases including PubMed, MEDLINE, and Google Scholar. A total of 54 references, comprising international journals and guidelines published up to 2025, were selected based on keywords such as "atopic dermatitis," "food allergy," "sensitization," and "elimination diet." Discussion: The review highlights that AD-associated skin barrier defects, such as filaggrin mutations, facilitate epicutaneous sensitization, making AD a major risk factor for developing IgE-mediated FA. Conversely, FA can exacerbate AD symptoms, particularly in infants with moderate-to-severe disease. Diagnosis requires confirming clinical history with Skin Prick Tests, specific IgE levels, and the gold-standard Oral Food Challenge. Regarding management, while targeted elimination diets improve symptoms in confirmed cases, unnecessary dietary restrictions may lead to nutritional deficiencies and a loss of immune tolerance. Preventive strategies focusing on skin barrier restoration via daily emollient therapy show promise in reducing sensitization risks. Conclusion: A reciprocal causal relationship exists between AD and FA. AD serves as a primary route for allergic sensitization, while FA can aggravate skin inflammation. Effective management necessitates rigorous diagnostic confirmation before implementing elimination diets and prioritizes early skin barrier maintenance to potentially disrupt the progression of atopic diseases.
Copyright (c) 2026 dr. Muhammad Farrell Rikhad, dr. Rendy Wijaya https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Hubungan Paparan Panas Lingkungan Kerja terhadap Tingkat Konsentrasi Pekerja di PT. X
Pendahuluan: Aktivitas industri di wilayah tropis memiliki risiko paparan panas tinggi yang berpotensi meningkatkan suhu inti tubuh dan menurunkan kemampuan kognitif pekerja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara paparan panas lingkungan kerja dengan gangguan konsentrasi pada pekerja di PT X. Metode: Penelitian observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross-sectional ini melibatkan 70 pekerja yang dipilih melalui teknik total sampling. Variabel bebas berupa paparan panas diukur menggunakan indeks Wet Bulb Globe Temperature (WBGT), sedangkan gangguan konsentrasi diukur menggunakan Grid Concentration Test (GCT). Studi ini memberikan kontribusi signifikan dalam evaluasi risiko K3 pada lingkungan kerja panas. Hasil: Mayoritas pekerja (65,7%) terpapar panas melebihi Nilai Ambang Batas (>NAB) dan 42,8% mengalami gangguan konsentrasi kategori kurang hingga sangat kurang. Analisis bivariat menunjukkan hubungan signifikan antara paparan panas dengan gangguan konsentrasi (p=0,001), di mana paparan >NAB berkorelasi dengan konsentrasi yang lebih rendah. Pembahasan: Temuan ini sejalan dengan pustaka yang ada bahwa beban panas berlebih mengganggu mekanisme termoregulasi tubuh yang berdampak pada penurunan fokus dan fungsi kognitif tanpa memerlukan sitasi spesifik. Simpulan: Tekanan panas lingkungan merupakan faktor determinan yang berkorelasi signifikan dengan penurunan performa konsentrasi pekerja, sehingga diperlukan intervensi pengendalian iklim kerja dan manajemen waktu istirahat.
Copyright (c) 2026 Bima Adinur, Winda Trijayanthi Utama, Nur Ayu Virginia Irawati, Sutarto https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Impact of BMI on Knee Osteoarthritis WOMAC Severity in Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study
Background: Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease that most often causes pain and disability in adults and the elderly. Risk factors for OA progression include age, gender, physical activity, and body mass index (BMI). Increased BMI is known to contribute to increased mechanical load on the knee joint and trigger inflammation, which can exacerbate OA severity. Objective: To assess the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and the severity of knee osteoarthritis in adult patients. Methods: This is a cross-sectional analytical study conducted at Rheumatology Clinic of Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya, in 2019. A total of 42 patients diagnosed with knee OA who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were enrolled. OA severity was assessed using the WOMAC (Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index) score, while BMI was calculated based on WHO standards and categorized into normal and high (overweight/obese). Analysis of the relationship between BMI and the severity of OA was carried out using the Fisher's Exact Test, with a p value < 0.05 considered significant. Results: Most patients with normal BMI had moderate-severe OA (77.8%), while patients with high BMI were more likely to have very severe OA (58.3%). Fisher's Exact Test showed a significant association between BMI and OA severity (p = 0.0285). Patients with high BMI were more likely to have very severe OA compared to patients with normal BMI (OR ? 4.9; 95% CI ? 1.1–21.5). Conclusion: There was a significant association between increasing BMI and the severity of knee osteoarthritis. These findings emphasize the importance of weight control as part of the prevention and management strategy for knee OA in adult patients.
Copyright (c) 2025 Arya Satya Rajanagara, Basra Ahmad Amru, Aditya Putra, Hafidz Naeriansyah Djajawiguna, Mohammad Alief Iqra, Syifa Shafira, ?I Putu Wirasatya Eka Putra, Dhea JRN Mangun https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Acupuncture as a Complementary Therapy for Depression
Introduction: Depression is a psychiatric condition characterized by persistent low mood, reduced interest in daily activities, and impaired social functioning. Although pharmacological therapy and psychotherapy are commonly used, the results are not optimal for all patients. This has led to increased interest in complementary therapy approaches, one of which is acupuncture. Method: A narrative systematic review was conducted by searching articles from the PubMed database using the keywords “acupuncture,” “depression,” and “complementary therapy.” Ten RCT studies discussing acupuncture as primary or adjunctive therapy were analyzed. Descriptive analysis was performed based on changes in depression symptom scores, therapy frequency, and the acupuncture techniques used. Discussion: The results indicate that acupuncture significantly reduces depression symptoms, both through subjective measurements (HAMD, BDI scales) and objective biological markers such as improved hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis function and enhanced neuroplasticity. Therapy administered at least three times per week over six to eight weeks yielded more effective results. Additionally, electroacupuncture and scalp acupuncture techniques produced faster and more profound clinical responses compared to traditional manual acupuncture. Conclusion: Acupuncture is a complementary intervention for the treatment of depression, with mechanisms of action involving modulation of the central nervous system and neuroendocrine balance. Further research is needed to establish standardized clinical practice guidelines and evaluate the long-term impact on patients' mental health.
Copyright (c) 2026 Sarah Angie Sihotang, Made Kurnia Widiastuti Giri, I Gede Yogi Lingga Pradipa, Riska Ramadona. H, I Putu Esa Ika Putra Juni Artana, I Made Bagus Krishna Wiguna https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Profile of Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis (DR-TB) Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) in Dr. H. Abdul Moeloek General Hospital Lampung Province
Background: Drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) is an increasingly complex health issue, especially when accompanied by chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) comorbidity, which can exacerbate lung conditions, affect therapeutic response, and reduce treatment success. This study aims to describe the characteristics of DR-TB patients with COPD comorbidity at RSUD Dr. H. Abdul Moeloek from 2022 to 2024. Method: This study utilized a retrospective descriptive design. Data used were secondary data from patient medical records. Univariate analysis was performed to describe subject characteristics. Results: Among 46 patients, the majority were male (78.3%) aged 41–60 years (50%). RR-TB classification (76.1%) and long-term regimens (78.3%) dominated the findings. Therapeutic outcomes recorded 54.3% cured, 30.4% treatment completed, 8.7% failed, and 6.5% deceased. Discussion: DR-TB patients with COPD are more frequently observed in middle-aged males due to smoking exposure and occupational factors. The majority were classified as RR-TB, consistent with gradual resistance patterns. Long-term regimens were preferred as they are considered safer for lung function. Although COPD aggravates the condition, therapy remains likely to succeed with appropriate drug selection and patient adherence. Conclusion: DR-TB patients with COPD comorbidity are generally middle-aged males with a relatively good proportion of treatment success. Appropriate regimen selection and strict monitoring are required to optimize treatment outcomes.
Copyright (c) 2026 Afia Farah Nabila, Dr. dr. Tri Umiana Soleha, S.Ked., M.Kes, dr. Chicy Widya Morfi, Sp.P https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Dugaan Massa Paru pada Kasus Pneumonia Berulang: CT Scan Memperlihatkan Bronkiektasis
Pendahuluan: Gambaran massa pada paru sering menimbulkan kecurigaan keganasan, terutama pada pasien dengan pneumonia berulang atau gejala respirasi persisten. Namun, beberapa kelainan non-neoplastik dapat menyerupai lesi massa secara radiologis. Ilustrasi Kasus: Seorang pria 61 tahun datang dengan dispnea memberat satu hari, disertai batuk produktif berwarna hijau kekuningan selama satu tahun. Pemeriksaan fisik menunjukkan penggunaan otot bantu napas, penurunan suara napas di paru kiri bawah, dan ronki bilateral. Saturasi oksigen 67% meningkat menjadi 98% dengan oksigen 15 L/menit melalui masker non-rebreathing. Laboratorium menunjukkan leukositosis (31,5×10³/µL), anemia, serta peningkatan urea; hasil TCM TB dan HIV negatif. Foto toraks menunjukkan fibrosis paru kanan dan opasitas di lapang paru kiri bawah. CT toraks dengan kontras memperlihatkan bronkiektasis dengan penebalan dinding bronkus, lesi hipodens berdinding tebal di lobus atas kiri, serta pola tree-in-bud di lobus bawah—menyingkirkan dugaan massa paru. Diagnosis kerja adalah bronkiektasis dengan pneumonia, dengan pertimbangan diferensial tuberkulosis paru. Pasien mendapat Seftriakson, Levofloksasin, terapi antituberkulosis, dan oksigen dengan perbaikan klinis bertahap. Diskusi: Pneumonia dapat menimbulkan konsolidasi lobar akibat eksudasi alveolar yang menyerupai keganasan. Pada kasus ini, CT menunjukkan dilatasi bronkus irreversibel menandakan bronkiektasis kronik. Di wilayah endemis TB, bronkiektasis pasca-TB merupakan penyebab tersering. HRCT menjadi standar emas membedakan bronkiektasis dari pneumonia atau lesi neoplastik, dengan pola signet-ring dan honeycomb sebagai temuan khas. Simpulan: CT toraks berperan penting membedakan infeksi paru kronik dari neoplasma, mencegah salah diagnosis dan terapi yang tidak tepat.
Copyright (c) 2025 Tri Agus Yuarsa, Muthia Dwifitri Kamila, Rizqia Meta Fairuz Desyana, Alya Indah Gayatri, Ghaniyyah Nauli, Silvia Laelatus Sifa, Muhamad Akmaluddin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0