Fleksibilitas Otot Hamstring sebagai Salah Satu Faktor Risiko Low Back Pain
- Authors
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Yose Natasa
University of Indonesia
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Ria Lestari
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- Abstract
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Background: Low back pain (LBP) is a significant global health problem, with approximately 619 million cases reported worldwide in 2020. In Indonesia, the 12-month prevalence of LBP among middle-aged adults was reported at 44.29%. Reduced hamstring muscle flexibility is among the factors implicated in LBP development. Hamstring Tightness may disrupt lumbopelvic mechanics and increase stress on spinal structures. This case report aims to evaluate the role of hamstring flexibility as a risk factor for non-specific LBP. Case Illustration: A 54-year-old male presented with lower back pain since falling one year ago. Pain worsened with prolonged sitting (>30 minutes), upon waking up, or when lifting heavy objects. The patient leads a sedentary lifestyle (~12 hours/day) with minimal physical activity. Physical examination revealed hamstring Tightness (90/90 SLR test: active 65°/56°, passive 55°/40°), BMI 31.0 (obesity grade II), and poor fitness results (sit & reach -12.5; push-ups 6/min; Cooper test 900 m). Diagnoses included unspecified low back pain with obesity and muscle imbalance. Management consisted of flexibility and activation exercises. Discussion: Literature shows a controversial relationship between hamstring Tightness and LBP. Some studies report a positive correlation with disability, while others do not. In this patient, hamstring Tightness likely contributes to altered lumbopelvic mechanics, but other factors such as obesity, sedentary lifestyle, and poor work posture also play a role. Conclusion: Hamstring flexibility is one of the risk factors for non-specific LBP, but a holistic approach addressing other factors such as obesity and physical activity patterns is necessary for management.
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- 2026-09-01
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Copyright (c) 2026 Yose Natasa, Ria Lestari
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
